{"id":4862,"date":"2019-08-16T07:30:04","date_gmt":"2019-08-16T10:30:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/?p=4862"},"modified":"2021-04-20T12:24:06","modified_gmt":"2021-04-20T15:24:06","slug":"migracao-de-peixes-na-amazonia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/migracao-de-peixes-na-amazonia\/","title":{"rendered":"Migra\u00e7\u00e3o de peixes na Amaz\u00f4nia"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4862\" class=\"elementor elementor-4862\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f41f257 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default exad-glass-effect-no exad-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"f41f257\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dc85612 exad-glass-effect-no exad-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"dc85612\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27046b5 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"27046b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Publicado em 16 de agosto de 2019<\/p><p><strong>Por Ana Paula Bert\u00e3o<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e27a2b9 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e27a2b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A bacia do rio Amazonas cont\u00e9m a maior diversidade de esp\u00e9cies de peixes do mundo (Reis<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2016). Os peixes representam n\u00e3o apenas uma fonte de prote\u00edna muito acess\u00edvel, mas tamb\u00e9m uma importante fonte de renda, especialmente para as fam\u00edlias de menor n\u00edvel socioecon\u00f4mico. De fato, a pesca sempre foi uma atividade econ\u00f4mica importante em toda a regi\u00e3o, mas para a maioria das esp\u00e9cies de peixes comercialmente importantes ainda n\u00e3o sabemos os par\u00e2metros b\u00e1sicos de sua biologia ou o status de seus estoques. Encontrar o ponto em que a atividade pesqueira se torna sustent\u00e1vel \u00e9 uma meta importante ainda a ser alcan\u00e7ada, e t\u00e9cnicas moleculares modernas podem definitivamente contribuir para uma tarefa t\u00e3o complexa (Batista e Alves-Gomes, 2006).\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os peixes que habitam os lagos de v\u00e1rzea da Bacia Amaz\u00f4nica s\u00e3o submetidos a um ciclo hidrol\u00f3gico anual alternado entre altas e baixas temporadas de \u00e1gua (Hurd<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2016). Esses peixes dependem da varia\u00e7\u00e3o temporal da conectividade acess\u00edvel entre lagos, rios e florestas sazonalmente inundadas para completar seus ciclos de vida (Fernandes<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2009), como ilustrado na Figura 1. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-335d401 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"335d401\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4864\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-1.jpg 900w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-1-75x75.jpg 75w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-1-350x350.jpg 350w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-1-750x750.jpg 750w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-1-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-1-440x440.jpg 440w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-1-627x627.jpg 627w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-1-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figura 1. Conectividade e inunda\u00e7\u00e3o dos rios da Amaz\u00f4nia.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc4a982 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fc4a982\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O movimento dos peixes entre os diversos habitats e diferentes est\u00e1gios do ciclo hidrol\u00f3gico, sugerem que esse sistema tem grande import\u00e2ncia no processo migrat\u00f3rio das esp\u00e9cies potam\u00f3dromas neotropicais. Que est\u00e3o intimamente ligadas a migra\u00e7\u00e3o destas esp\u00e9cies, que realizam esta jornada em completar a reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o e mantem a diversidade gen\u00e9tica pelas futuras gera\u00e7\u00f5es.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A migra\u00e7\u00e3o dos peixes \u00e9 um fen\u00f4meno biologicamente complexo. Existem diferentes estrat\u00e9gias de migra\u00e7\u00e3o, desde as longas migra\u00e7\u00f5es de diferentes esp\u00e9cies an\u00e1dromas de salm\u00e3o (que migram do mar para as nascentes dos rios) e chegam a nadar mais de 1 mil km at\u00e9 as \u00e1reas de desova na cabeceira dos rios. H\u00e1 tamb\u00e9m os chamados peixes potam\u00f3dromos, que vivem exclusivamente em rios, e migram rumo \u00e0s nascentes para desencadear os processos biol\u00f3gicos que levam \u00e0 reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A migra\u00e7\u00e3o de peixes desempenha um papel importante nos processos ecossist\u00eamicos dos rios tropicais, como ciclagem de nutrientes, dispers\u00e3o de sementes e transfer\u00eancia de energia entre rios e at\u00e9 mesmo entre bacias diferentes (Winemiller e Jepsen, 1998; Anderson<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2011). Alguns destes peixes migrat\u00f3rios s\u00e3o intensamente explorados ao longo das suas rotas migrat\u00f3rias, que podem estender-se por milhares de quil\u00f3metros de rio, incluindo pa\u00edses distintos, tornando a gest\u00e3o da pesca particularmente desafiante (Valbo-J\u00f8rgensen e Poulsen, 2000; Barthem<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2017). Al\u00e9m da pesca, os peixes migrat\u00f3rios tropicais tamb\u00e9m foram negativamente afetados pela degrada\u00e7\u00e3o do habitat causada principalmente pelo avan\u00e7o dos centros urbanos, desmatamento, crescimento de \u00e1reas agr\u00edcolas pr\u00f3ximos as nascentes e c\u00f3rregos, como tamb\u00e9m por barragens nos rios para gera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia hidrel\u00e9trica (Winemiller<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2016; Barthem<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2017) o que pode comprometer a seguran\u00e7a alimentar das esp\u00e9cies de peixes e popula\u00e7\u00f5es ribeirinhas (Dugan<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2010; Orr<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2012). Al\u00e9m disso, estas barreiras que interrompem os rios tamb\u00e9m podem causar altera\u00e7\u00f5es dr\u00e1sticas na biota aqu\u00e1tica e o rompimento do equil\u00edbrio longitudinal dos rios (Coelho, 2008), associando as perdas de biodiversidade, recursos biol\u00f3gicos e gen\u00e9ticos (Hilsdorf<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2006; Agostinho<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2007; Barletta<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2010; Pelicice<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2014). Como tamb\u00e9m interferem na migra\u00e7\u00e3o dos peixes, com o bloqueio da conectividade entre os habitats e os fluxos g\u00eanicos (Lucas e Baras, 2001; Carolsfeld, 2003; Dodd<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2017).<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A migra\u00e7\u00e3o livre \u00e9 fundamental para a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o do estoque de peixes nos rios da regi\u00e3o. Esp\u00e9cies como, por exemplo a dourada (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) tem o ciclo de vida migrat\u00f3rio de aproximadamente 11.600 quil\u00f4metros, um recorde mundial de migra\u00e7\u00e3o em \u00e1gua doce (Figura 2), assim como outras esp\u00e9cies piramutaba (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brachyptalystoma vaillantii<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), pira\u00edba (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">rachyplathystoma filamentosum<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), pirarara (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Phractocephalus hemioliopterus<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), dentre outros grupos de esp\u00e9cies de peixes, tamb\u00e9m est\u00e3o inclu\u00eddos os cet\u00e1ceos (botos) e quel\u00f4nios (tartarugas e tracaj\u00e1s), que deslocam-se por milhares de quil\u00f4metros para reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o e desova, al\u00e9m de alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o em \u00e9pocas de cheias e secas. Sem esta possibilidade, a popula\u00e7\u00e3o destas esp\u00e9cies podem chegar ao colapso, com a diminui\u00e7\u00e3o de variabilidade gen\u00e9tica e a extin\u00e7\u00e3o da esp\u00e9cie (Nunes<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 2019).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13a795b exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"13a795b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" src=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-2-1-1024x678.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4883\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-2-1-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-2-1-750x497.jpg 750w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-2-1-1140x755.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-2-1-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-2-1-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-2-1-440x292.jpg 440w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-2-1-627x415.jpg 627w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Figura-2-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figura 2. Migra\u00e7\u00e3o da dourada, (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii) com ciclo de vida migrat\u00f3rio de aproximadamente 11.600 quil\u00f4metros.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-148277f exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"148277f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rios saud\u00e1veis n\u00e3o apenas garantem a diversidade biol\u00f3gica das \u00e1guas doces, como exercem papel fundamental para o equil\u00edbrio da cadeia alimentar e das florestas, que por sua vez proporcionam uma s\u00e9rie de servi\u00e7os ecol\u00f3gicos fundamentais para a exist\u00eancia da vida. O benef\u00edcio social e econ\u00f4mico resultante da explora\u00e7\u00e3o comercial dessas esp\u00e9cies dependem, intimamente, de pol\u00edticas de manejo corretas que possam garantir o uso sustent\u00e1vel desse recurso. A interrup\u00e7\u00e3o do ciclo natural de migra\u00e7\u00e3o de peixes tamb\u00e9m afeta diretamente o abastecimento de comunidades amaz\u00f4nicas inteiras, que dependem da pesca artesanal para se alimentar e gerar renda \u00e0s suas fam\u00edlias.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><strong>Refer\u00eancias\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">AGOSTINHO, A.\u00a0 et al. Fish diversity in the upper Paran\u00e1 River basin: habitats, fisheries, management and conservation. <\/span><b>Aquatic Ecosystem Health &amp; Management, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 10, n. 2, p. 174-186,\u00a0 2007. ISSN 1463-4988.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ANDERSON, J. T.\u00a0 et al. Extremely long-distance seed dispersal by an overfished Amazonian frugivore. <\/span><b>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 278, n. 1723, p. 3329-3335,\u00a0 2011. ISSN 0962-8452.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">BARLETTA, M.\u00a0 et al. Fish and aquatic habitat conservation in South America: a continental overview with emphasis on neotropical systems. <\/span><b>Journal of fish biology, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 76, n. 9, p. 2118-2176,\u00a0 2010.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">BARTHEM, R. B.\u00a0 et al. Goliath catfish spawning in the far western Amazon confirmed by the distribution of mature adults, drifting larvae and migrating juveniles. <\/span><b>Scientific reports, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 7, p. 41784,\u00a0 2017. ISSN 2045-2322.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">BATISTA, J.; ALVES-GOMES, J. Phylogeography of Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii (Siluriformes-Pimelodidae) in the Amazon Basin offers preliminary evidence for the first case of \u201choming\u201d for an Amazonian migratory catfish. <\/span><b>Genetics and Molecular Research, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 5, n. 4, p. 723-740,\u00a0 2006.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CAROLSFELD, J. <\/span><b>Migratory fishes of South America: biology, fisheries and conservation status<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. \u00a0 Idrc, 2003.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">COELHO, A. L. N. Geomorfologia fluvial de rios impactados por barragens-Fluvial Geomorphology Of Rivers Impacted From Dams. <\/span><b>Caminhos de Geografia, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 9, n. 26,\u00a0 2008.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">DODD, J. R.; COWX, I. G.; BOLLAND, J. D. Efficiency of a nature-like bypass channel for restoring longitudinal connectivity for a river-resident population of brown trout. <\/span><b>Journal of environmental management, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 204, p. 318-326,\u00a0 2017.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">DUGAN, P. J.\u00a0 et al. Fish migration, dams, and loss of ecosystem services in the Mekong basin. <\/span><b>Ambio, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 39, n. 4, p. 344-348,\u00a0 2010. ISSN 0044-7447.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">FERNANDES, R.\u00a0 et al. Temporal organization of fish assemblages in floodplain lagoons: the role of hydrological connectivity. <\/span><b>Environmental Biology of Fishes, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 85, n. 2, p. 99-108,\u00a0 2009. ISSN 0378-1909.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HILSDORF, A. W. S.; DE RESENDE, E. K.; MARQUES, D. K. S. Gen\u00e9tica e conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de estoques pesqueiros de \u00e1guas continentais no Brasil: situa\u00e7\u00e3o atual e perspectivas. <\/span><b>Embrapa Pantanal-Documentos (INFOTECA-E)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,\u00a0 2006.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HURD, L. E.\u00a0 et al. Amazon floodplain fish communities: habitat connectivity and conservation in a rapidly deteriorating environment. <\/span><b>Biological Conservation, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 195, p. 118-127,\u00a0 2016. ISSN 0006-3207.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">LUCAS, M. C.; BARAS, E. <\/span><b>Migration of Freshwater Fishes Blackwell Science Ltd<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: London 2001.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NUNES, M. U. S.; HALLWASS, G.; SILVANO, R. A. M. Fishers\u2019 local ecological knowledge indicate migration patterns of tropical freshwater fish in an Amazonian river. <\/span><b>Hydrobiologia, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 833, n. 1, p. 197-215,\u00a0 2019. ISSN 0018-8158.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ORR, S.\u00a0 et al. Dams on the Mekong River: Lost fish protein and the implications for land and water resources. <\/span><b>Global Environmental Change, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 22, n. 4, p. 925-932,\u00a0 2012. ISSN 0959-3780.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PELICICE, F. M.\u00a0 et al. A serious new threat to Brazilian freshwater ecosystems: the naturalization of nonnative fish by decree. <\/span><b>Conservation Letters, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 7, n. 1, p. 55-60,\u00a0 2014.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">REIS, R. E.\u00a0 et al. Fish biodiversity and conservation in South America. <\/span><b>Journal of fish biology, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 89, n. 1, p. 12-47,\u00a0 2016.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">VALBO-J\u00d8RGENSEN, J.; POULSEN, A. F. Using local knowledge as a research tool in the study of river fish biology: experiences from the Mekong. <\/span><b>Environment, Development and Sustainability, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 2, n. 3-4, p. 253-376,\u00a0 2000. ISSN 1387-585X.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">WINEMILLER, K. O.; JEPSEN, D. B. Effects of seasonality and fish movement on tropical river food webs. <\/span><b>Journal of fish Biology, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 53, p. 267-296,\u00a0 1998. ISSN 0022-1112.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">WINEMILLER, K. O.\u00a0 et al. Balancing hydropower and biodiversity in the Amazon, Congo, and Mekong. <\/span><b>Science, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v. 351, n. 6269, p. 128-129,\u00a0 2016. ISSN 0036-8075.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Publicado em 16 de agosto de 2019 Por Ana Paula Bert\u00e3o A bacia do rio Amazonas cont\u00e9m a maior diversidade de esp\u00e9cies de peixes do mundo (Reis et al., 2016). Os peixes representam n\u00e3o apenas uma fonte de prote\u00edna muito acess\u00edvel, mas tamb\u00e9m uma importante fonte de renda, especialmente para as fam\u00edlias de menor n\u00edvel [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":4867,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[258,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4862","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divulgacao-cientifica","category-noticias"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4862","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4862"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4862\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4867"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4862"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4862"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4862"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}