{"id":1588,"date":"2016-11-08T10:00:15","date_gmt":"2016-11-08T12:00:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/camarao-marinho-litopenaeus-vanammei-boone-1931\/"},"modified":"2021-04-20T12:24:08","modified_gmt":"2021-04-20T15:24:08","slug":"camarao-marinho-litopenaeus-vanammei-boone-1931","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/camarao-marinho-litopenaeus-vanammei-boone-1931\/","title":{"rendered":"Camar\u00e3o marinho Litopenaeus vanammei (Boone, 1931)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Por: Nathieli Cozer e Vitor Gomes Rossi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Publicado em: 08 de novembro de 2016<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">O cultivo de camar\u00e3o \u00e9 uma atividade secular, que teve in\u00edcio na \u00c1sia, com pescadores artesanais, que aprisionavam camar\u00f5es adultos e p\u00f3s-larvas atrav\u00e9s de diques, constru\u00eddos no pr\u00f3prio mangue, que eram abastecidos pela varia\u00e7\u00e3o das mar\u00e9s (Figura 1).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-1585\" src=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-1-vanammei.jpg\" alt=\"Figura 1 vanammei\" width=\"727\" height=\"409\" style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; white-space: pre-wrap; text-align: center;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-1-vanammei.jpg 1997w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-1-vanammei-750x423.jpg 750w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-1-vanammei-1140x642.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-1-vanammei-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-1-vanammei-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-1-vanammei-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-1-vanammei-440x248.jpg 440w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-1-vanammei-627x353.jpg 627w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 727px) 100vw, 727px\" \/><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; white-space: pre-wrap; text-align: center;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Figura 1. Constru\u00e7\u00e3o de diques para aprisionamento de camar\u00e3o. Fonte: <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.issuu.com\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">www.issuu.com<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.295; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Dentre as esp\u00e9cies de maior destaque, em termos de volumes cultivados, destacam-se <\/span><em><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Penaeus monodon <\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">(Figura 2)<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> e <em>Litopenaeus vannamei <\/em><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">(Figura 3)<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">No entanto, o <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">L. vannamei<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> possui maior representatividade dentro da carcinicultura mundial e corresponde, por aproximadamente, 50% de toda a produ\u00e7\u00e3o mundial de crust\u00e1ceos cultivado.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.295; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/span><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-1586\" src=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-2-vanammei.jpg\" alt=\"Figura 2 vanammei\" width=\"722\" height=\"406\" style=\"font-size: 10pt; background-color: transparent; text-align: center; text-indent: 35.4pt;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-2-vanammei.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-2-vanammei-750x422.jpg 750w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-2-vanammei-1140x641.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-2-vanammei-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-2-vanammei-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-2-vanammei-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-2-vanammei-440x248.jpg 440w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-2-vanammei-627x353.jpg 627w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 722px) 100vw, 722px\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; background-color: transparent; text-align: center; text-indent: 35.4pt;\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.8; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; text-indent: 35.4pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Figura 2. Exemplar da esp\u00e9cie <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Penaeus monodon. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Fonte: <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/beyazkaptan.com\/penaeus-monodon-prawn\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">http:\/\/beyazkaptan.com\/penaeus-monodon-prawn<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.295; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">&nbsp;<img decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-1587\" src=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-3.jpg\" alt=\"Figura 3\" width=\"718\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-3.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-3-750x422.jpg 750w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-3-1140x641.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-3-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-3-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-3-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-3-440x248.jpg 440w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/Figura-3-627x353.jpg 627w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 718px) 100vw, 718px\" \/><\/span><\/div>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Figura 3. Exemplar da esp\u00e9cie <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Litopenaeus vannamei<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">. Fonte: <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.zealaqua.com\/Vannamei-Shrimp.aspx\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">http:\/\/www.zealaqua.com\/Vannamei-Shrimp.aspx<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.295; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">O<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"><em> L. vannamei<\/em>, <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">comumente conhecido como camar\u00e3o-da-pata-branca, pertence \u00e0 ordem Decapoda e \u00e0 fam\u00edlia Penaeidae. \u00c9 uma esp\u00e9cie end\u00eamica da costa oriental do Oceano Pac\u00edfico, distribuindo-se desde o Peru (regi\u00e3o de Tumbes) at\u00e9 o M\u00e9xico (regi\u00e3o de Sonora). <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Assim como os demais camar\u00f5es pene\u00eddeos, o <\/span><em><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">L. vannamei<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> \u00e9 classificado como on\u00edvoro, alimentando-se de fito e de zoopl\u00e2ncton nos est\u00e1gios larvais e p\u00f3s-larval. Essa esp\u00e9cie \u00e9 reconhecida como osmoreguladora, sendo considerada eurihalina, tolerando r\u00e1pidas e amplas flutua\u00e7\u00f5es na salinidade (0,5 &#8211; 40 ups). <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.295; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Em condi\u00e7\u00f5es de cultivo, as maiores taxas de crescimento desse camar\u00e3o foram observadas em salinidades entre 25 e 30 ups e temperaturas entre 23 e 30\u00b0C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">A reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o <\/span><em><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">L. vannamei<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> ocorre em zonas marinhas e os ovos as larvas s\u00e3o planct\u00f4nicas, sendo levados passivamente em dire\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 costa. J\u00e1 no est\u00e1gio de p\u00f3s-larva, o camar\u00e3o deixa de ser planct\u00f4nico e passa a ser bent\u00f4nico. Tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 nessa fase que <\/span><em><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">L. vannamei<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> deixa o ambiente tipicamente marinho para se desenvolver em zonas estuarinas, onde permanece durante praticamente toda a fase juvenil em lagunas ou \u00e1reas de mangue. Ao final desta fase, os animais migram novamente para as zonas marinhas, onde se reproduzem. Os machos atingem a maturidade sexual medindo em m\u00e9dia 17 cm e pesando em torno de 20 g e as f\u00eameas medindo cerca de 23 cm e com peso de 28 g, o que acontece a partir dos 6-7 meses de vida.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.295; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Grande parte do sucesso do <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">L. vannamei<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> na carcinicultura mundial est\u00e1 justamente relacionada \u00e0s suas caracter\u00edsticas biol\u00f3gicas e zoot\u00e9cnicas, tais como: grande toler\u00e2ncia \u00e0 varia\u00e7\u00f5es e \u00e0 extremos de salinidade; suportar bem elevadas densidades de cultivado; apresentar r\u00e1pido ganho de peso, mesmo com n\u00edveis relativamente baixos de prote\u00edna na sua dieta.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.8; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><\/span><\/div>\n<h1 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.295; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 21.3333px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Refer\u00eancias<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 21.3333px; font-family: Arial; color: #2e75b5; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.295; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 8pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">SILVA, A.; SOUZA, R. A. Gloss\u00e1rio de aquicultura. Bel\u00e9m: UFRA, 1998.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.8; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">LEADERSHIP, G. O. F. A. Shrimp Aquaculture in Latin America. Paris 2013.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; background-color: transparent; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">FAO. Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. About us &#8211; Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department [online]. Rome. Updated <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Rome 2010-2016.<\/span><\/div>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.8; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">W. DALL &nbsp;et al. The biology of Penaeidae. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">Advances in marine biology<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">. New York, USA: Academic Press. 27: 489 p. 1990.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.8; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">MARTINEZ<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Cambria; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">\u2010<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">CORDOVA, L. R.; CAMPA\u00d1A<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Cambria; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">\u2010<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">TORRES, A.; PORCHAS<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Cambria; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">\u2010<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">CORNEJO, M. A. The effects of variation in feed protein level on the culture of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) in low<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Cambria; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">\u2010<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">water exchange experimental ponds. Aquaculture research, v. 33, n. 12, p. 995-998, 2002. ISSN 1365-2109.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.8; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">VARADHARAJAN, D.; PUSHPARAJAN, N. Food and Feeding Habits of Aquaculture Candidate a Potential Crustacean of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, South East Coast of India. Journal of Aquaculture Research &#038; Development, v. 2013, &nbsp;2013. ISSN 2155-9546. &nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.8; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">MCGRAW, W. &nbsp;et al. Acclimation of Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae to low salinity: influence of age, salinity endpoint, and rate of salinity reduction. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, v. 33, n. 1, p. 78-84, &nbsp;2002. ISSN 1749-7345. &nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.8; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">GAO, W. &nbsp;et al. Effect of salinity on the growth performance, osmolarity and metabolism-related gene expression in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Aquaculture Reports, v. 4, p. 125-129, 11\/\/ 2016. ISSN 2352-5134. Dispon\u00edvel em: &lt; <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2352513416300552\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2352513416300552<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> &gt;. <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.8; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">WYBAN, J.; WALSH, W. A.; GODIN, D. M. Temperature effects on growth, feeding rate and feed conversion of the Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). Aquaculture, v. 138, n. 1, p. 267-279, &nbsp;1995. ISSN 0044-8486. &nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.8; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">KUMARAN, M. &nbsp;et al. Is Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) farming in India is technically efficient? \u2014 A comprehensive study. Aquaculture, v. 468, Part 1, p. 262-270, 2\/1\/ 2017. ISSN 0044-8486. Dispon\u00edvel em: &lt; <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0044848616306913\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0044848616306913<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"> &gt;. <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: Arial; background-color: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-cecaa8de-4354-92ab-7216-52235f4a669b\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Por: Nathieli Cozer e Vitor Gomes Rossi Publicado em: 08 de novembro de 2016 &nbsp; O cultivo de camar\u00e3o \u00e9 uma atividade secular, que teve in\u00edcio na \u00c1sia, com pescadores artesanais, que aprisionavam camar\u00f5es adultos e p\u00f3s-larvas atrav\u00e9s de diques, constru\u00eddos no pr\u00f3prio mangue, que eram abastecidos pela varia\u00e7\u00e3o das mar\u00e9s (Figura 1). Figura 1. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1585,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[258,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1588","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divulgacao-cientifica","category-noticias"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1588","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1588"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1588\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1585"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1588"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1588"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1588"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}