{"id":1047,"date":"2014-03-29T22:18:10","date_gmt":"2014-03-30T01:18:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/marcadores-hematologicos\/"},"modified":"2021-04-20T12:24:10","modified_gmt":"2021-04-20T15:24:10","slug":"marcadores-hematologicos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/marcadores-hematologicos\/","title":{"rendered":"Utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de biomarcadores hematol\u00f3gicos em peixes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 12.4pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-1044\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/foto1.JPG\" alt=\"foto1\" width=\"572\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/foto1.JPG 572w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/foto1-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/foto1-440x295.jpg 440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 572px) 100vw, 572px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">As altera\u00e7\u00f5es hematol\u00f3gicas podem ser indicadoras do estado fisiol\u00f3gico do peixe j\u00e1 que a fun\u00e7\u00e3o do sangue no organismo \u00e9 manter a estabilidade dos tecidos e o ambiente interno constante<sup>1<\/sup>. Por este motivo os par\u00e2metros do sangue s\u00e3o cada vez mais avaliados como um \u00edndice do status da sa\u00fade geral de diversas esp\u00e9cies de peixes<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">A exposi\u00e7\u00e3o a agentes qu\u00edmicos ambientais pode induzir altera\u00e7\u00f5es nos par\u00e2metros hematol\u00f3gicos, tais como: concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de hemoglobina, contagem de eritr\u00f3citos (s\u00e9rie vermelha), leuc\u00f3citos, linf\u00f3citos, mon\u00f3citos e granul\u00f3citos (s\u00e9rie branca), assim como nos tromb\u00f3citos, altera\u00e7\u00f5es enzim\u00e1ticas, no hemat\u00f3crito, nas prote\u00ednas e tamb\u00e9m na glicose<sup>3\u00a0<\/sup>(Figura 1\u00a0<span class=\"apple-converted-space\">e\u00a0<\/span>Figura 2). Desordens hematol\u00f3gicas podem ser marcadas por aberra\u00e7\u00f5es na estrutura e fun\u00e7\u00e3o das c\u00e9lulas sangu\u00edneas ou em mecanismos de coagula\u00e7\u00e3o<sup>4<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">A concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de glicose plasm\u00e1tica, por exemplo, pode representar uma medida \u00fatil do estado energ\u00e9tico de um organismo num dado momento5, visto que um aumento na sua disponibilidade pode indicar a ocorr\u00eancia de uma situa\u00e7\u00e3o de estresse.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">O cortisol, por sua vez, \u00e9 um horm\u00f4nio envolvido em fun\u00e7\u00f5es como, por exemplo, a resposta imunol\u00f3gica, a osmorregula\u00e7\u00e3o, reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o, crescimento e respostas ao estresse tanto em peixes como em outros vertebrados. Este vem sendo largamente utilizado em peixes, qualquer que seja o seu est\u00e1gio de desenvolvimento<sup>6<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Apesar das in\u00fameras possibilidades de utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de biomarcadores hematol\u00f3gicos em peixes deve-se atentar para a interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o dos resultados obtidos visto que fatores bi\u00f3ticos (idade do animal e g\u00eanero), abi\u00f3ticos, (qualidade da \u00e1gua e esta\u00e7\u00e3o do ano), e o manejo (captura e manipula\u00e7\u00e3o) podem interferir nos resultados obtidos<sup>7<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Ainda assim a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de par\u00e2metros hematol\u00f3gicos pode fornecer importantes informa\u00e7\u00f5es a respeito de patologias que afetam o organismo avaliado, quando estes est\u00e3o expostos a algum qu\u00edmico. Os estudos hematol\u00f3gicos das diferentes esp\u00e9cies de peixe s\u00e3o de interesse ecol\u00f3gico e tamb\u00e9m fisiol\u00f3gico visto que podem auxiliar no entendimento da rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre as caracter\u00edsticas sangu\u00edneas e o habitat dos peixes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-1045\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/foto2.JPG\" alt=\"foto2\" width=\"554\" height=\"431\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/foto2.JPG 554w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/foto2-300x233.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/foto2-440x342.jpg 440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 1pt 4pt;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; border: none; padding: 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Figura<\/span>1. \u00a0An\u00e1lise realizada em l\u00e2mina de esfrega\u00e7o sangu\u00edneo de pacu<i>(M. maculatus)<\/i>corada com Liquido de Rees. A) linf\u00f3cito e eritr\u00f3citos, B) granul\u00f3cito e eritr\u00f3citos, C) mon\u00f3citos, tromb\u00f3citos e eritr\u00f3citos, D) eritr\u00f3citos.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;\">\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-1046\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/foto3.JPG\" alt=\"foto3\" width=\"567\" height=\"381\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/foto3.JPG 567w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/foto3-300x202.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/foto3-440x296.jpg 440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 567px) 100vw, 567px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 1pt 4pt;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0cm; border: none;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Figura<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">2. An\u00e1lise de micro-hemat\u00f3crito realizada em centrifuga.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Por:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Thayzi Zeni<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Doutoranda do Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Zoologia \u2013 UFPR<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Publicado em 29\/03\/14<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">1 &#8211; PICKERING, A.A.D.; POTTINGER, T.G., 1987.<\/span>Crowding causes prolonged leucopenia in salmonid fish, despite interrenal acclimation. <span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Journal of Fish Biology, 30: 701- 712<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">2 &#8211; KORI-SIAKPERE, O., AKE, J.E.G., AVWORO, U.M., 2006. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Sublethal effects of cadmium on some selected haematological parameters of Heteroclarias (a hybrid of<i>Heterobranchus bidorsalis<\/i>and<i>Clarias gariepinus<\/i>). International Journal of Zoological research, 2 (1): 77-83.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">3 &#8211; CLAUSS, T. M., DOVE, A. D. M., ARNOLD, J. E., 2008. Hematologic Disorders of Fish. Veterinary clinics of North America: Exotic animal practice, 11: 445\u2013462.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">4 &#8211; VAN DER OOST, R., BEYER, J., VERMEULEN, N. P. E., 2003. Fish bioaccumulation and biomarkers in environmental risk assessment: a review. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 13: 57-149.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">5 &#8211; HUGGET, R. J., KIMERLE, R. A., MEHRLE, J. R.; BERGMAN, H. L., 1992. Biomarkers: Biochemical, Physiological and Hystological Markers of Antropogenic Stress. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">6 &#8211; WEENDELAR B., 1997.<\/span>The stress response in fish. Physiological Reviews, 77(3): 591-625.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">7 &#8211; BOLASINA, S.N., 2006. Cortisol and hematological response in Brazilian codling,<i>Urophycis brasiliensis<\/i>(Pisces, Phycidae) subjected to anesthetic treatment. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">Aquaculture International, 14:569\u2013575<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 As altera\u00e7\u00f5es hematol\u00f3gicas podem ser indicadoras do estado fisiol\u00f3gico do peixe j\u00e1 que a fun\u00e7\u00e3o do sangue no organismo \u00e9 manter a estabilidade dos tecidos e o ambiente interno constante1. Por este motivo os par\u00e2metros do sangue s\u00e3o cada vez mais avaliados como um \u00edndice do status da sa\u00fade geral de diversas esp\u00e9cies de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1044,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[258,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divulgacao-cientifica","category-noticias"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1047","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1047"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1047\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1044"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1047"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1047"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gia.org.br\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1047"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}